Banca de DEFESA: AMANDA BARBOSA LINS

SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION OF BIOPIGMENTS BY Talaromyces spp. and Aspergillus sydowii AND APPLICATION IN

THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY.

Biopigments; Filamentous Fungi; Dyeing; Benzoquinone; Melanin.

The global demand for natural pigments and dyes has been increasing considerably, driven by a greater awareness of the toxic effects of various synthetic dyes on human health and the environment, especially in the dyeing of textile products, due to problems with the discharge of effluents. contaminated with mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic substances. Thus, natural pigments produced by fungi are attractive and promising, due to their intrinsic properties (natural compound, coloring strength) and the wide range of colors associated with bioactivity. In this context, studies were carried out with the aim of investigating the production of pigments by samples of the genera Talaromyces and Aspergillus using different sources of carbon and nitrogen to obtain biopigments. In the first stage of the study, radial growth and pigment production by strains of Talaromyces spp. (UCP 1337, 1349 and Ga0022) in solid media plus NaCl (0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 6%) and in different carbon sources (glucose, fructose, starch, maltose and sucrose. The pigments produced were extracted with 70% commercial ethanol and tested for their antimicrobial activity. The Talaromyces spp. samples studied demonstrated resistance to high concentrations of salinity and obtained greater pigment production when grown in media supplemented with glucose. Talaromyces spp. strains produced red and yellow pigments with antibacterial and antifungal properties. In the second stage of the study, the biotechnological potential of the new strains isolated from the sediment of Rio Formoso - Pernambuco, mo rphologically identified as Talaromyces purpurogenus UCP 1545 and Aspergillus sydowii, was evaluated. UCP 1471. The isolated filamentous fungi were evaluated for their potential to produce hydrolytic enzymes and showed positive results for the enzymes amylase, cellulase and lipase; protease only by A. sydowii. Soon after, the strains Talaromyces purpurogenus UCP 1545 and A. sydowii UCP 1471 were subjected to submerged fermentation in malt broth and potato broth for 7 and 15 days, respectively, at 28º C, 200 rpm to produce extracellular pigments. Red pigments with absorption peaks at 433 nm and 513 nm (1.5 g/L) were extracted from the metabolic liquid by Talaromyces UCP 1545 and brownish red with absorption peak at 287 nm (0.8 g/L) by A. sydowii UCP 1471, characterized as benzoquinone and melanin, respectively. The melanin pigment produced by A. sydowii presented antioxidant activity evidenced by the presence of phenolic compounds in the pigmented extract. While the pigmented extract produced by Talaromyces UCP 1545 was able to dye natural and synthetic fiber fabrics through the dyeing techniques adapted in this study. Both pigmented extracts showed low toxicity to Daphnia magna and Artemia sp. signaling potential application as a bioproduct in various industrial sectors, such as textiles, pharmaceuticals, automobiles and food.