Banca de DEFESA: LUCAS ALVES BATISTA PEQUENO

Uma banca de DEFESA de MESTRADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : LUCAS ALVES BATISTA PEQUENO
DATE: 20/02/2024
TIME: 14:00
LOCAL: meet.google.com/ruj-ehcv-grb
TITLE:

Development of a solar pasteurization system and analysis of the health risk associated with the quality of water consumed in schools and preschool.

KEY WORDS:

Water quality monitoring; Risk analysis; FMEA; Alternative microbiological treatment; SOPAS; Public health.

PAGES: 137
BIG AREA: Engenharias
AREA: Engenharia Sanitária
SUMMARY:

Diarrheal diseases are one of the five leading causes of death for children under five worldwide. Therefore, the quality of water consumed by students in schools and preschool (educational establishments) in Brazilian municipalities has been an object of great concern for managers. The competence to carry out water quality surveillance actions lies with the Municipal Health Departments, and although the prioritization of surveillance actions is fundamental, resources are often scarce and specialized laboratories are inaccessible to smaller municipalities or those more distant from the capitals. In this context, the physical-chemical and microbiological monitoring of water is a fundamental aspect, however, insufficient. Water quality management, based on a preventive risk approach, helps ensure the safety of water for human consumption. Furthermore, sustainable technologies for local decontamination of water resources, such as Solar Pasteurization (SOPAS), present themselves as a treatment alternative that guarantees a safe product. Therefore, this research aimed to monitor the quality of water consumed in educational establishments in the municipality of São Lourenço da Mata – PE and evaluate the health risk associated with the quality of water consumed in the units. Furthermore, this research sought to develop an alternative solution, based on solar radiation, for additional microbiological treatment for treated water that reaches educational establishments, but due to adverse causes, is contaminated along the way. The methodology used for the physicalchemical and microbiological analyzes followed those established by the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. In the risk analysis, the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method was used and the stages of hazard identification, effects analysis, risk estimation and risk assessment were developed. The results of the physical-chemical analyzes obtained pointed to the presence of aluminum and the low pH of the water as the biggest problem with EE1. In relation to EE2, water contamination by nitrite and chlorine dosing in the reservoir without technical support represent the biggest concern. The water consumed in EE3 represents a concern in terms of contamination by aluminum metal. All of these educational establishments, except EE3, are highly sensitive to microbiological contamination of water, including in EE4 and EE5, representing the most relevant danger for the school community. The results of the risk assessment using the FMEA methodology showed that the most urgent correction measures should be aimed at EE1, EE4 and EE5. It was verified that the reservation conditions influence the maintenance of water quality. EE2 and EE3, which have reservoirs in clean and protected locations, were configured as establishments that have water with the least risk to the health of the school community. For the pasteurizer built and tested with the EE4 water supply, it was found that the curve that presented the best results during the entire monitoring period was related to the diameter of 40 mm, inactivating 100% of the bacteria from the Coliform group. The pasteurization temperature for the SOPAS built and operated within the experimental conditions presented was 49 ºC for a holding time of 1 hour. It was concluded that monitoring the water quality of educational establishments is an important tool to support educational and municipal managers in making decisions in relation to water supply systems and the care of building reservoirs. Furthermore, it was found that SOPAS can damage microbial cells due to exposure to heat, inactivating E. coli with great efficiency.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Externa à Instituição - ELIS GEAN ROCHA
Presidente - ***.296.924-** - MARILDA NASCIMENTO CARVALHO - UNICAP
Interna - ROSANGELA GOMES TAVARES