This dissertation investigates the limits of parental effectiveness in contexts marked by structural ableism, focusing on the figure of the atypical mother, a woman who assumes, in almost all cases, the daily care of children with disabilities. Using a qualitative approach, based on references from studies on disability, social justice and gender, the research highlights how the current care model transfers to the domestic environment the responsibility that should be shared by the State. The experience of caregiving mothers reveals the physical, emotional and economic burden resulting from the absence of intersectoral public policies and social recognition of their work. For this study, we present the trajectories of mothers of children and adolescents with disabilities from rural areas of Pernambuco, considering that from an intersectional perspective, the origin or permanence outside urban centers deepens the burden and inequality experienced by these women. The dissertation argues that parental effectiveness, in this scenario, cannot be conceived as an exclusively individual competence, but as a result of the articulation between family, community and state support. It is concluded that breaking the cycle of exclusion and maternal responsibility requires confronting ableism, valuing care and building public support networks based on the principles of human dignity, equity and social co-responsibility.