Development and Validation of a Kit Applied to the Immunodiagnosis of Enzootic Bovine Leukosis
Viral genetics, epidemiology, veterinary medicine, virology, cattle.
Enzootic Bovine Leukosis (EBL) is an infectious disease notifiable to the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestockand the World Organization for Animal Health, caused by an oncogenic retrovirus, Deltaretrovirus bovleu. Thedisease negatively impacts livestock due to the direct and indirect losses associated with its occurrence. Theobjective of this research was to develop and validate an Agar Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) kit for theimmunodiagnosis of EBL. To this end, a biobank of bovine serum references was created, the antigen wasproduced by cell culture in FLK (fetal sheep kidney) cells, and tests were performed with antigens and controlsera to improve the AGID kit, using the IDEXX® ELISA kit as a reference. The partial results obtaineddetermined a sensitivity of 87.1% and a specificity of 98%. In parallel, the study entitled "First Isolation andMolecular Characterization of Bovine Leukemia Virus in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil" was reported,describing the isolation of BLV from a blood sample of a dairy cattle from the municipality of Abreu e Lima,Pernambuco. This study, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were performed, demonstrating the presence ofgenotype 1 in the Northeast region, constituting the first report of this genotype in the region. This resultrepresents progress in understanding the epidemiology of BLV in Brazil, specifically in Pernambuco, andprovides support for improving diagnostics for disease control and prevention measures.