Molecular Epidemiology of Contagious Ecthyma Virus and Analysis of the Perception of Veterinarians and Rural Producers in the Context of One Health
Zoonoses; One Health; Virology; Phylogenetics; Cell Culture
This research aimed to conduct an epidemiological-molecular study of the Contagious Ecthyma Virus in small ruminants and to analyze the perception of veterinarians and rural producers regarding contagious ecthyma in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Furthermore, this study aimed to evaluate the persistence and infectivity of an Parapoxvirus orf sample that was kept refrigerated for 35 years, originating from an animal with a presumptive diagnosis of contagious ecthyma. The sample, identified as CIZIP/1989, from a goat with clinical suspicion of contagious ecthyma in 1989 in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, after being kept refrigerated for 35 years, was used for viral isolation using MDBK cells, followed by molecular diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). After 24 hours of incubation, a cytopathic effect was observed in the cell layer; in addition, the presence of the virus was confirmed by PCR. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed not only the presence of Parapoxvirus orf in the sample, but also a significant identity between the isolate and other sequences already identified in Brazil and worldwide. This demonstrates the widespread dissemination of the agent, as well as its high infectivity, demanding the intensification of molecular-epidemiological studies of the agent in order to better understand the dynamics of the disease, aligned with control strategies in the context of One Health.