ESSENTIAL OILS TO CONTROL THE LEAFMINER Liriomyza sativae BLANCHARD (DIPTERA: AGROMYZIDAE) ON MELON PLANTS
Insect pest, Cucumis melo, semiochemicals, essential oils, Integrated pest management.
Brazil is one of the most important producers and exporters of melon (Cucumis melo L.) worldwide. Currently, Brazilian melon production is approximately 600 thousand tons per year, with the state of Rio Grande do Norte responsible for 61% of this production. The melon crop, however, faces some phytosanitary problems that cause economic losses to the producer. Among these problems, we can highlight the leafminer Liriomyza sativae Blanchard (Diptera: Agromyzidae). The leafminer females lay their eggs endophytically on the melon plant leaf; the hatched larvae develop and feed on the leaf mesophyll, forming galleries in the leaves and causing a reduction in the sugar content of the produced fruits, restricting their commercialization. One of the main ways to control this pest is through the application of synthetic insecticides. However, the importer markets have prohibited the use of some insecticides and reduced the acceptable limits of insecticide residues in fruits. In this way, it is fundamental to develop new tools to control the leafminer as an alternative to the use of these synthetic insecticides. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of essential oils (EOs) of botanical origin on the control of the leafminer L. sativae in melon plants. Some of the evaluated oils proved to be phytotoxic to melon plants, while others showed a potential control effect against the leafminer. However, more research is needed to understand the mechanisms of action, in addition to assessing environmental impacts and safety for non-target organisms.