Phileurini Phylogeny (Coleoptera, Melolonthidae, Dynastinae, Phileurini)
Atlantic Forest, Cladistic, Neotropical Region, taxonomy, morphology.
Phileurini consists of 36 genera and has 306 species distributed across all biogeographical regions with the exception of the poles. This Dynastinae tribe differs from the other seven by presenting as its main characteristic the mentum covering the base of the labial palpomeres. The character matrix was constructed from all Dynastinae tribes, as well as the type species of each genus of Phileurini, using up to two species for each genus. With the matrix of 81 terminals and 103 characters, the analysis was run in the TNT program, using implicit weights (1, 3, 5 and 10), and four equally parsimonious trees were found. Using the script to calculate k, one tree was found. The tribes of Dynastinae recovered as monophyletic were: Cyclocephalini, Dynastinae, Hexodontini and Oryctoderini. Agaocephalini, Oryctini and Pentodontini were recovered as paraphyletic. Phileurini was recovered as moniphyletic, with the main character state supporting this monophyly being the chin covering the base of the labial palps. Among the analyzed genera, the monotypic genus Ceratophileurus Ohaus was proposed as a junior synonymy for the genus Homophileurus Kolbe, since the characters observed between the two genera are very similar, and Ceratophileurus was included in the clade formed by the species of Homophileurus according to the morphological analysis.