Foraging chemical signals in Nasutitermes corniger (MOTSCHULSKY, 1855) (TERMITIDAE: NASUTITERMITINAE): FROM BEHAVIOR TO AN ALTERNATIVE CONTROL
Chemical ecology, Pheromones, Foraging, Nasutitermes corniger
Although termites play an important role in the functioning of ecosystems and in increasing local biodiversity, some species are known to cause negative impacts in urban, agricultural and forest environments. Controlling pest termites is often made difficult due to their cryptic habit and their complex social organization and communication among colony members. Thus, more effective control methods for this group are becoming increasingly necessary. Termites have a sophisticated communication system, which involves chemical signals, and the management of their populations could be more effective by understanding the communication mechanisms involved in the search for resources. The study of chemical ecology, particularly involving pheromones that influence insect behavior, may be a useful tool in proposing termite control methods as an alternative to the exclusive use of broad-spectrum toxic substances. In the last decades, new approaches using pheromones for insect control have emerged, however, studies on this type of control are still lacking for insect pests in urban environments. Pheromones are non-toxic substances, biodegradable and generally specific, enabling a more ecologically viable control. Thus, the general objective of the present work was to study the chemical signals involved in foraging communication, including the role of intercolonial chemical cues. Additionally, we analyzed how these chemical cues can be used as a strategy for the control of these insect pests in urban environments. Understanding the role of intercolonial chemical signals in termites, as well as their effect on the behavior of individuals, may allow advancement in the control of these insects by promoting a direct scientific exchange between theory and applicability.