A PROPOSAL FOR A CONCEPTUAL PROFILE FOR THE CONCEPT OF MATTER
Conceptual Profile. Matter. Science Teaching.
The main objective of this research project is to propose a conceptual profile for the concept of matter, considering the different meanings attributed to this concept in different contexts and that circulate in science learning situations. The research will be developed based on literature and classroom consultations, in the initial teacher training in Physics and Chemistry, as well as in a high school class. In this way, we will follow the methodology proposed by the research program on conceptual profiles, working from three of Vygotsky's four genetic domains: sociocultural, ontogenetic and micro genetic, to identify ways of thinking, based on ways of speaking, about the concept of matter, in epistemological treatises and secondary historical sources about the development of the concept, in the literature on informal conceptions related to the concept of matter and in data obtained from questionnaires applied and in discursive interactions established in the classroom. According to the Theory of Conceptual Profiles, people exhibit different ways of seeing and conceptualizing the world, that is, different ways of thinking about concepts, which are used in different contexts. Thus, considering that the concept of Matter is polysemic, that is, it can have different meanings, which represent ways of thinking expressed in ways of speaking, not only in the classroom, but also in different contexts in which they have high pragmatic value. It is possible to find studies in the literature that present some informal conceptions related to the concept of Matter: students believe that the particles that make up Matter are interconnected with each other, so that the vacuum ends up being something non-existent, an idea that resembles the Aristotelian notion that nature abhors the vacuum, and the idea that physical objects are solid and move continuously. We can see how the concept has been widely explored over the years and used with various meanings, which we intend to model, culminating in the structuring of the zones of the conceptual profile of Matter. We emphasize that this is a very important concept for teaching Science, especially Physics, which studies its properties, and Chemistry, focused on the process of transformation of matter. Proposing a conceptual profile for this concept is essential, since it is one of the key ontoconcepts, along with Energy and Life, which already have conceptual profiles proposed in the literature, which can organize the development of several other studies, focused on methodologies and teaching strategies for the classroom or on the use of the concept of Matter by communities of practice.