Analysis on the process of taking awareness by students and preservice chemistry teachers, from the historical-cultural perspective, based on the conceptual profile of chemical changes
Keywords: Historical-cultural perspective; Awareness, Chemical reactions.
Understanding the fundamentals of the teaching and learning processes of scientific concepts in Basic Education and in the training of Science/Chemistry teachers is a relevant and essential point for thinking about the potential and possibilities for this teaching. In this context, the objective of this study is to analyze awareness processes of high school students and undergraduates about the concept of chemical reactions based on a sequence of activities based on Historical-Cultural Theory. To this end, we will seek to understand how participants understand the concepts of chemical reactions based on their previous conceptions; design, based on guidelines from Activity Theory, a sequence of activities to enrich the subjects' conceptual profiles and analyze the process of awareness experienced by students about the different ways of thinking and talking about the concept of chemical reactions. For the theoretical discussion about the process of becoming aware and ways of thinking and speaking about the concept of chemical reactions, we seek to align assumptions of Historical-Cultural Theory with the understanding of the conceptualization process and the concept of consciousness and activity for Vygotsky, the concept of consciousness and activity for Leontiev, thus working with the first two generations of Activity Theory; aligning with this we focus on ideas from the Theory of Conceptual Profiles, specifically in the conceptual profile of chemical reactions, whose teaching perspective recognizes and values the influence of the sociocultural context for the construction of knowledge. We were guided by the following research problem: how to analyze students' awareness-raising processes and licensing about the different ways of thinking about the concept of chemical reactions based on teaching strategies aligned with the Theory of Conceptual Profiles and the Theory of Activity. The research was conducted using a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive approach, organized into stages ranging from the application of a questionnaire and problematizing questions with the aim of raising the participants' prior conceptions; the organization of a sequence of activities in the format of a mini-course, the purpose of which is to promote the conceptual enrichment of students regarding the seven zones of the conceptual profile of chemical reactions, until the application of a semi-structured interview to analyze possible signs of awareness. To analyze discursive interactions, we will be guided by the elements of Activity Theory, in the Analytical Tool of Mortimer and Scott (2002) aligned with Bakhtin's study and contributions to the study of discourse.