Intravascular Large T-cell Canine Lymphoma – Report of Two Cases
Lymphoproliferative disorder, endothelium, immunohistochemistry, dog.
Intravascular lymphoma (IVL) is rare in domestic species and humans, characterized by intravascular proliferation of neoplastic cells, with the central nervous system being the most affected site. The objective was to report the anatomopathological and immunohistochemical findings of two dogs diagnosed with Large T-cell Intravascular Lymphoma (LIV). Two canines were necropsied, an Akita male aged 4 years, and a Rhodesian ridgeback female aged 10 years. Both presented neurological clinical signs characterized by ataxia, seizures, and difficulty in locomotion. Macroscopically, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and necrotizing encephalitis were observed. Microscopically, there was a predominance of large intravascular neoplastic lymphocytes, with positive immunohistochemical staining for CD3 and negative for CD20, confirming the diagnosis of T-cell IVL in both cases. Thus, considering the complexity of this type of neoplasm, it emphasizes the importance of an interdisciplinary approach among veterinarians, allowing it to be considered as a differential diagnosis for other central nervous system disorders.