Banca de DEFESA: CID ARISTOTELIS DE SIQUEIRA ALENCAR

EVALUATION OF COMMERCIAL IMMUNOENZYMATIC ASSAYS APPLIED TO THE SERODIAGNOSIS OF INFECTIOUS ANEMIA EQUINE

EIA; equidae; infectious diseases; immunodiagnosis; veterinary virology.

The aim of this research was to compare the cELISA (Competitive Enzyme Immunoabsorption Assay) and ELISAi (Indirect Enzyme Immunoabsorption Assay) tests used for the diagnosis of equine infectious anemia (EIA) and to carry out an integrative review on the prevalence of EIA in Mercosur member countries between the years 2012 to 2021. For the comparative analysis of the tests used in the diagnosis of EIA, 846 samples of sera from horses were analyzed. Parameters for evaluation were intraplate and interplate repeatability based on standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV). The precision results were satisfactory, whose values obtained have the lowest variation 3.14 and the highest variation 11.97, guaranteeing an excellent consistency of the analyzed ELISA tests. The ELISAi showed a sensitivity of 96.89% and a specificity of 91.85% while the cELISA showed a sensitivity of 98.46% and a specificity of 94.79%. Both demonstrated an excellent concordance index (Kappa = 0.8) with the AGID test. The ELISA tests analyzed showed good performance to be used as a screening test as part of a serial ELISA/AGID system in the serodiagnosis of equine infectious anemia, improving efficiency in combating and possible eradication of EIA, corroborating the current model used in Brazil in accordance with the guidance in the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) manual. For the integrative review, two bibliographic databases were used, Scopus and PubMed. For the research, the search terms “equine AND anemia AND infectious OR eiav OR prevalence OR serologic” and “Equine anemia infectious prevalence Brazil, respectively, were used, in addition to the use of year of publication filters, place of publication for each country of Mercosur. EIA prevalence studies were found in two Mercosur member countries (Argentina and Brazil), in the other three (Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela) no EIA prevalence records were found. The highest prevalence of EIA was described in Argentina, 77.2% in 2014, 81.3% in 2015 and 88.7% in 2016. Analyzing the average prevalences between countries, Argentina obtained a higher prevalence than Brazil ( 82.4% x 12.33%). It is noteworthy that in 100% of the researched articles, cases of infection by the Equine Infectious Anemia Virus were registered, which demonstrates the importance of implementing measures for the prevention, control and eradication of the disease. The scarcity of epidemiological studies in Mercosur member countries on the platforms used stands out, and it is important to encourage epidemiological studies, as well as the implementation of technical standards by the Ministries of each country and animal transit between Mercosur countries.