Clinical and epidemiological evaluation of iliopsoas myopathy, bicipital tenopathy and medial shoulder instability in dogs (Canis lupus familiaris)
Glenohumeral joint; biceps brachii, iliopsoas muscle, frequency, veterinary orthopedics
Abstract
Medial shoulder instability (IMO), bicipital tenopathy (TB) and iliopsoas myopathy (IOM) are underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed diseases in veterinary medicine. With this, we aim to determine their prevalence and associated risk factors from a clinical-epidemiological evaluation of dogs treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (HV/UFRPE). For the clinical diagnosis of IMO, shoulder abduction tests, deepening of the greater tuberosity of the humerus, medial-lateral drawer were performed, and the presence of muscle atrophy and pain during movements of flexion, extension and abduction of the limb was also observed. For TB, the pain test on palpation of the biceps tendon, the retraction test of the distal insertion of the biceps, elbow extension range and caudal hyperextension of the shoulder joint were performed. For MIP, the coxofemoral extension test with internal rotation of the femur, palpation of the iliopsoas insertion tendon on the lesser trochanter, palpation of the components of the muscle ventral to the body of the ilium and in the lumbosacral ventrocaudal vertebral region were performed. 500 dogs were evaluated, of which 43.6% were positive for IMO, 15.6% for TB and 29.6% were positive for MIP in at least one of the tests. There were no variants with statistical significance (P<0.05) for IMO, but for TB there were for neutered dogs and patients with orthopedic disorders, thus being more predisposed to develop TB. For MIP, there was statistical significance for the following variables: sex, animals with orthopedic disorders, castrated, large, adult, and patients with chronic diseases. Our study provides important information on the prevalence of TB, IMO and MIP in dogs.