Banca de DEFESA: TIAGO CAVALCANTE DA SILVA

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
STUDENT : TIAGO CAVALCANTE DA SILVA
DATE: 31/08/2023
TIME: 14:00
LOCAL: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Solo
TITLE:

Cultivation potential of Helianthus tuberosus L. irrigated with waste from water desalination and fertilizer sources in soils of the semiarid region of Pernambuco

KEY WORDS:

Jerusalem artichoke. Biosaline agriculture. Tolerance. Organic agriculture. Alternative culture.

PAGES: 191
BIG AREA: Ciências Agrárias
AREA: Agronomia
SUBÁREA: Ciência do Solo
SPECIALTY: Manejo e Conservação do Solo
SUMMARY:

The Brazilian semiarid is inserted in several environmental problems that impede the potential growth of agriculture with the presence of poorly developed soils of infertile nature or with accumulation of salts. Even with the adversities raised, techniques for improving soil quality and the applicability of saline water, frequent in these regions, have sharpened the search for management strategies, aiming at better coexistence and use of resources from this environment. In addition, soil fertility can be increased in an environmentally sustainable way with organic fertilization techniques based on plant and animal waste. The species Helianthus tuberosus L. is cultivated in the most diverse regions of the world and, due to its rusticity, it is able to coexist in adverse environments with problems of salinity, water deficit and low fertility. Given this context, the research aimed to evaluate the potential for cultivation of the species Helianthus tuberosus L. (cv. “Stampede”) in different soils under irrigation with increasing proportions of saline waste in a protected environment; and, under field conditions, evaluate its productive potential under different sources of fertilization. The research was carried out in two stages, the first being conducted in a protected environment for 70 days, in a randomized block design (DBC), in a 3 x 6 factorial arrangement, with the factors consisting of three different soils - S (S1 - Serra Talhada; S2 – São Bento do Una and S3 – Caruaru), through irrigation with six different proportions of saline waste and local supply water (A1 – 100% supply water; A2 – 95% supply water + 5% saline waste ; A3 – 90% supply water + 10% saline waste; A4 – 80% supply water + 20% saline waste; A5 – 60% supply water + 40% saline waste and A6 – 30% supply water + 70% saline waste), with four replications in blocks, totaling 72 experimental units. Biometric and physiological variables were measured at 15 and 35 days after application of saline treatments and, at the end of the experiment, biomass production, nutritional contents in plant tissues and soil analysis. The second experiment was conducted under field conditions, in an area belonging to the Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA), in the municipality of Caruaru, for 120 days. A randomized block design (DBC) was adopted, with treatments consisting of a control (without fertilizer application) and four sources of fertilization (mineral fertilization with NPK; fertilization with goat manure; organic compost; mixture of goat manure + organic compost), in four repetitions, totaling 140 plants in the total area. Monthly biometric measurements were carried out on the plants and, at the end of the cycle, the productive potential of the crop was analyzed by means of biomass production, nutritional status of the plant, photosynthetic pigments, soluble solids content, enzymatic activity; as well as chemical analyzes of the soil. The increasing proportions of saline waste directly influenced the morphological and physiological variables of the plants, with significant decreases under the most saline waters, indicating the sensitivity of the plant to excess salts. The effects of salts on irrigation water varied according to the different soils used. Plants cultivated in Caruaru soil tolerated salinity up to irrigation water with 20% saline waste. There was a greater accumulation of Na⁺ and Cl^- in the aerial part of plants irrigated with waste from the desalination plant. The species Helianthus tuberosus L. showed positive cultivation potential in non-salinized soils and under irrigation with low proportions of saline waste in the irrigation water. Morphological characteristics and biomass production were positively influenced under NPK fertilization, composting and the combination of compost + goat manure. The nutritional status of the plant partitions was increased in all treatments with fertilization compared to the treatment without fertilization, with potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) having greater accumulation. Soil fertility was enhanced with fertilization and plant cultivation, favoring phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) levels, increasing CEC and soil pH. The total productive potential of the tubers was higher in the treatments with mineral fertilization and compost, but the other treatments with goat manure and the combination compost + goat manure also showed higher values than the treatment without fertilization.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS:
Presidente - MARIA BETANIA GALVAO DOS SANTOS FREIRE
Interno - JEAN CHEYSON BARROS DOS SANTOS
Externo à Instituição - JORGE F. S. FERREIRA
Externo à Instituição - JOSIMAR GURGEL FERNANDES - IPA
Externo à Instituição - NILDO DA SILVA DIAS - UFERSA