The Fictionalization of Reality and World Representations in the Fantastic Narratives of Murilo Rubião
KEYWORDS: Fantastic; Uncanny; Neo-fantastic; Mimesis; Murilo Rubião
This work consists of an investigation into the concept of reality in fantastic literature, based on the analysis of ten short stories by Murilo Rubião, published in a collection that gathers all of the writer's stories: Murilo Rubião – Complete Works (2010). Additionally, we examine how the author constructs fictional reality and the strategies used to manipulate verisimilitude and ensure the fantastic nature of his work. To do so, we start with the concept of reality as something no longer immutable but socially constructed and subject to changes in historical context – something that resonates not only in common sense judgments about what constitutes reality but also in society’s conception of the fantastic. In light of this, we organize the study into three chapters: 1) Rubião and the Theories of the Uncanny and the Fantastic: on Rubião's place in Brazilian literature and the characteristics of his work that link it to theories of the fantastic, particularly contemporary fantastic literature. 2) Mimesis and Conflicts with the Fantastic: deals with the problematization of the term realism in fantastic fiction, as well as causality and the construction of logic in fantastic discourse. 3) The Fantastic Reality in Rubião’s Narratives: dedicated to the analysis of the short stories selected for this study, namely: “A fila”, “a diáspora”, “Botão de rosa”, “Os dragões”, “O edifício”. To support the discussions, it was important to seek backing from scholars who theorize about mimesis, verisimilitude, and fantastic fiction. Among them are Remo Ceserani (2024), Rosalba Campra (2008), David Roas (2014), Jaime Alazraki (1990), and Luiz Costa Lima (1980). Rubião’s narratives suggest a new way of conceiving reality, and, unlike the theory organized by Todorov (1980), which characterizes the fantastic through fear, horror, and the reader's uncertainty, Rubião’s fiction is much closer to the perplexity or unease provoked by the uncanny situations narrated – as defended by Alazraki (1990) in his concept of the neo-fantastic. The observation that everyday life is often permeated by a range of strange, absurd, and unsettling situations leads us to believe that the fantastic can be as real as the very reality it seeks to subvert. Thus, the concept of reality becomes more complex, as the rational and irrational coexist. The supernatural event demonstrates the abnormality of the real world.